Finally, each participant had the route tracked into their GPS computer to navigate from start to finish without getting lost. In addition, departures were made individually and never in a group to avoid the effort-restricting effect when drafting. The participants were encouraged to pedal on a regular basis, remaining within the HR values provided. Then, the lower and upper limits were calculated by applying the formula. To establish these working ranges, the maximal heart rate (HR) was first estimated through the following formula. To ensure that exercise intensity was comparable between both situations, the intensity along the TT was established between 60 and 82% of the maximal heart rate (HR), corresponding to the cardiovascular zones 1, 2 and 3 of a total of 5, which are the predominant zones for cyclists in prolonged submaximal efforts, equivalent to an effort of light to moderate intensity. Regarding the MTB itinerary, it also had a mixed route: 55 km, an elevation gain of 600 m, with sections of wide tracks and trails, flat, uphill, and downhill, with medium technical difficulty. For the road itinerary, a mixed route profile was chosen: 90 km, an elevation gain of 900 m, with diverse sections, flat, uphill, and downhill over roads with little traffic. Both TTs were designed to be approximately 3 h at submaximal intensity, starting and ending in our facility. To homogenize the conditions of the participants and avoid effects due to the time of day, all measurements were developed in the morning and a single examiner carried them out. Therefore, they were required to attend a meeting on two separate occasions at our facility, both spaced a week apart, which was more time than necessary to eliminate the influence of the previous intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to carry out two intervention conditions: an RC and an MTB time trial (TT). They were asked if they knew other people who can provide more extensive data, and once contacted, they were also included. For recruiting, a non-probabilistic sampling of chain or network selection (“snowball”) was used, through which key participants were identified and added to the sample.
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